Exam guide · UPSC

UPSC ESE

UPSC Engineering Services Examination (ESE / IES)

The Union Public Service Commission's three-stage examination for recruiting engineers to Group A and Group B engineering services and posts of the Government of India, in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics & Telecommunication engineering.

Vacancies

Approximately 480, including 19 for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities

Age limit

21–30 years (born 2 Jan 1997 – 1 Jan 2006)

Application fee

₹200

Notice published

16 September 2026

UPSC ESE notification: key dates and vacancies

Notice dated16 September 2026
Online application16 September – 6 October 2026 (6 pm)
Preliminary (Stage-I) examination31 January 2027
Main (Stage-II) examination18 June 2027
e-Admit CardOn the last working day of the week before the exam
VacanciesApproximately 480, including 19 for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (number liable to alteration)

Posts filled through this exam

  • Group 'A' and Group 'B' services/posts in four engineering categories: Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics & Telecommunication
  • Examples named in the notice: Central Engineering Service, Indian Railway Management Service, Indian Defence Service of Engineers, Indian Telecommunications Service Gr 'A', Central Power Engineering Service Gr 'A'

Source: Engineering Services Examination, 2027 — Examination Notice No. 02/2027-ENGG (published 16 September 2026). Confirm in the official notice before applying.

UPSC ESE, often called IES, is the Union Public Service Commission's Engineering Services Examination. It recruits engineers to Group 'A' and Group 'B' services and posts of the Government of India in four categories: Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Electronics & Telecommunication engineering. You apply for one category only.

The 2027 notice (No. 02/2027-ENGG, dated 16 September 2026) lists about 480 vacancies, including 19 for persons with benchmark disabilities. Selection runs in three stages: an objective preliminary examination on 31 January 2027, a conventional main examination on 18 June 2027 and a personality test. Unlike many UPSC exams, the preliminary marks also count in the final merit.

This guide sets out the participating services, age and qualification rules, the three-stage scheme and negative marking, shortlisting ratios, centres, application steps and certificates exactly as the official 2027 notice prints them.

UPSC ESE 2027 vacancies

The notice gives the approximate number of vacancies as 480, including 19 vacancies for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities. The number of vacancies is liable to alteration.

The notice does not print a service-wise or category-wise (SC/ST/OBC/EWS/UR) split of the 480 vacancies, so none is shown here.

PwBD vacancies within the 480

Type of disabilityVacancies
Locomotor disability, including leprosy cured, dwarfism, acid attack victims and muscular dystrophy11
Hard of hearing6
Low vision1
Specific learning disability (SLD) and multiple disabilities (MD)1
Total PwBD19

11 + 6 + 1 + 1 = 19, matching the printed PwBD figure.

Participating services and posts, category-wise

You compete within the engineering category you choose. Your allotment among the services of that category depends on your merit rank, the preferences you express and the vacancies. Services marked with an asterisk in the notice (AEE posts in the Border Roads Engineering Service) carry a note that the eligibility of transgender candidates will follow a future government decision.

The notice does not print a pay level or pay scale for these services, so none is shown here.

Category I: Civil Engineering (Group 'A')

Service / post
Central Engineering Service
Central Engineering Service (Roads), Group-A (Civil Engineering Posts)
Survey of India Group 'A' Service
AEE (Civil) in Border Roads Engineering Service
AEE (QS&C) in MES Surveyor Cadre
Central Water Engineering (Group 'A') Service
Indian Skill Development Service
Indian Railway Management Service (Civil)
Indian Railway Management Service (Stores) – Civil Engg. Posts
Indian Defence Service of Engineers

Category II: Mechanical Engineering (Group 'A'/'B')

Service / post
AEE in GSI Engineering Service Gr 'A'
Indian Naval Material Management Service (Mechanical Engineering Posts)
Defence Aeronautical Quality Assurance Service / SSO-II (Mechanical)
AEE (Electrical and Mechanical) in Border Roads Engineering Service (Mechanical Engineering Posts)
Indian Skill Development Service
Indian Railway Management Service (Mechanical)
Indian Railway Management Service (Stores) – Mechanical Engg. Posts
Indian Defence Service of Engineers
Indian Naval Armament Service (Mechanical Engineering Posts)
Central Water Engineering (Group 'A') Service
Central Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Service (Mechanical Engg.)
Central Power Engineering Service Gr 'A' (Mechanical Engineering Posts)

Category III: Electrical Engineering (Group 'A'/'B')

Service / post
Central Electrical & Mechanical Engineering Service (Electrical Engineering Posts)
Indian Naval Material Management Service (Electrical Engineering Posts)
Central Power Engineering Service Gr 'A' (Electrical Engineering Posts)
Defence Aeronautical Quality Assurance Service / SSO-II (Electrical)
Indian Skill Development Service
Indian Railway Management Service (Electrical)
Indian Railway Management Service (Stores) – Electrical Engg. Posts
Indian Defence Service of Engineers
Indian Naval Armament Service (Electrical Engineering Posts)

Category IV: Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering (Group 'A'/'B')

Service / post
Indian Radio Regulatory Service Gr 'A'
Indian Telecommunications Service Gr 'A'
Indian Naval Material Management Service (Electronics and Telecom Engineering Posts)
Indian Naval Armament Service (Electronics and Telecom Engineering Posts)
Indian Skill Development Service
Junior Telecom Officer Gr 'B'
Indian Railway Management Service (Signal & Telecommunication)
Indian Railway Management Service (Stores) – S & T Engg. Posts
Central Power Engineering Service Gr 'A' (Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Posts)

Age limit, relaxation and qualification in detail

Age is counted on 1 January 2027. You must have turned 21 and must not have turned 30 on that date, which means you must be born between 2 January 1997 and 1 January 2006 (both dates included).

SC, ST and OBC candidates who are also ex-servicemen or persons with benchmark disabilities can claim relaxation under both categories together (cumulative relaxation).

You need a degree in Engineering from a university incorporated by an Act of Parliament or a state legislature in India, or an institution deemed to be a university under the UGC Act, 1956. The notice also accepts passing Sections A and B of the Institution of Engineers (India), certain foreign engineering degrees or diplomas recognised by the government, Graduate Membership of the Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (India), Associate Membership Parts II and III / Sections A and B of the Aeronautical Society of India, and Graduate Membership of the Institution of Electronics and Radio Engineers, London (held after November 1959).

IETE (India) and Aeronautical Society of India qualifications obtained on admission after 31 May 2013 are not admissible; Institution of Engineers cases after that date depend on the government's decision.

For two services an M.Sc. route is open as well: the Indian Naval Armament Service (Electronics Engineering posts) and the Indian Radio Regulatory Service Gr 'A' accept an M.Sc. or equivalent with Wireless Communication Electronics, Radio Physics or Radio Engineering as a special subject (for the Radio Regulatory Service, also a master's in Science with Physics and Radio Communication, Electronics or Telecommunication as a special subject).

If you have appeared, or will appear, in your qualifying examination, you can apply provisionally. If you are called for the personality test, you must upload proof of passing within 10 days of the Main result; otherwise you cannot appear and your candidature may be cancelled.

You must be a citizen of India, a subject of Nepal or Bhutan, a Tibetan refugee who came to India before 1 January 1962 to settle permanently, or a person of Indian origin who migrated from one of the countries listed in the notice to settle permanently in India. Non-citizen categories need a Government of India eligibility certificate before an offer of appointment.

Upper age relaxation

CategoryRelaxation
SC / STUp to 5 years
OBC (eligible for reservation)Up to 3 years
Government servants (permanent, or temporary with at least 3 years' continuous service on 1 January 2027, as defined in the notice)Up to 5 years (up to age 35)
Defence personnel disabled in operations during hostilities or in a disturbed area and released as a resultUp to 3 years
Ex-servicemen, including commissioned officers, ECOs and SSCOs with at least 5 years of military service (conditions in the notice)Up to 5 years
ECOs/SSCOs whose assignment was extended beyond 5 years (Ministry of Defence certificate)Up to 5 years
Persons with Benchmark DisabilitiesUp to 10 years

Apart from these relaxations, the age limits cannot be relaxed.

The three-stage scheme and negative marking

Stage-I, the preliminary examination, has two objective papers: Paper I, General Studies and Engineering Aptitude (2 hours, 200 marks), common to all categories; and Paper II, your engineering discipline (3 hours, 300 marks). It is answered on an OMR sheet with a black ball pen.

Stage-II, the main examination, has two conventional (descriptive) papers in your engineering discipline, each of 3 hours and 300 marks. Question papers are set in English only.

Stage-III is a personality test of 200 marks, with no minimum qualifying marks. The final order of merit is based on the marks obtained in all three stages; added up, that is a maximum of 1,300 marks (our sum: 500 + 600 + 200).

In the objective papers, one-third (1/3) of the marks of a question is deducted for each wrong answer. Marking more than one answer counts as a wrong answer, even if one of them is correct. There is no penalty for a question left blank.

Battery-operated pocket calculators are allowed only in the conventional papers, not in the objective papers, and may not be lent or exchanged in the hall.

Plan of the examination

Stage / paperTypeTimeMarks
Prelims Paper I: General Studies and Engineering AptitudeObjective2 hours200
Prelims Paper II: Engineering disciplineObjective3 hours300
Mains Paper I: Engineering disciplineConventional3 hours300
Mains Paper II: Engineering disciplineConventional3 hours300
Personality TestInterview—200

Sum of all stages: 1,300 marks (our addition). Prelims and Mains marks both count in the final merit.

How candidates are shortlisted from stage to stage

  • UPSC may fix minimum qualifying marks in any or all papers at its discretion; qualification in the preliminary examination depends on minimum marks in both Paper I and Paper II.
  • About six to seven times the approximate number of vacancies are admitted to the main examination.
  • About twice the number of vacancies are called for the personality test.
  • The personality test has no minimum qualifying marks.
  • Services are allotted on merit rank, the preferences you express and the vacancies; candidates called for the personality test get a 10-day window after the Main result to update details such as postal address, higher qualifications and service preferences.

Prelims Paper I syllabus: General Studies and Engineering Aptitude

Paper I is common to all four engineering categories. The discipline papers (Prelims Paper II and both Mains papers) follow the syllabus of your chosen category, printed in Appendix I of the notice; read it there.

  • Current issues of national and international importance relating to social, economic and industrial development
  • Engineering aptitude covering logical reasoning and analytical ability
  • Engineering mathematics and numerical analysis
  • General principles of design, drawing and the importance of safety
  • Standards and quality practices in production, construction, maintenance and services
  • Basics of energy and environment: conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, climate change, environmental impact assessment
  • Basics of project management
  • Basics of material science and engineering
  • Information and communication technology (ICT) based tools and their applications in engineering, such as networking, e-governance and technology-based education
  • Ethics and values in the engineering profession

Examination centres

The notice lists 48 centres for the preliminary examination and 24 for the main examination. Centres may be changed at UPSC's discretion, and requests to change a centre are not granted.

Main examination centres: Ahmedabad, Aizawl, Prayagraj (Allahabad), Bengaluru, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Chennai, Cuttack, Dehradun, Delhi, Dispur (Guwahati), Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jammu, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Patna, Raipur, Ranchi, Shillong, Shimla, Thiruvananthapuram and Visakhapatnam.

Preliminary centres also include, among others: Agartala, Agra, Aligarh, Bareilly, Gangtok, Gaya, Ghaziabad, Gorakhpur, Gurugram, Imphal, Itanagar, Jorhat, Kochi, Kohima, Madurai, Nagpur, Panaji (Goa), Port Blair, Sambalpur, Srinagar, Tirupati, Udaipur and Varanasi.

How to apply for UPSC ESE 2027

  1. 1

    Register once on the UPSC portal

    Apply online only at upsconline.nic.in, using your one-time registration. Online applications can be filled from 16 September 2026 to 6 October 2026 until 6 pm, after which the link is disabled.

  2. 2

    Choose one engineering category

    You may apply for only one of the four categories: Civil, Mechanical, Electrical or Electronics & Telecommunication. Choose carefully: no field, including category or discipline, can be changed after submission, and papers written in a discipline other than the one on your e-Admit Card are not valued.

  3. 3

    Pay the fee

    ₹200 by net banking, Visa/MasterCard/RuPay credit or debit card, or UPI. Female, SC, ST and PwBD candidates are exempt; OBC and EWS candidates pay the full fee.

  4. 4

    Check before you submit

    No correction, alteration or modification is allowed after submission, and applications cannot be withdrawn after submission. A reserved-category claim cannot be changed later either.

  5. 5

    Download the e-Admit Card

    The e-Admit Card is issued on the UPSC website on the last working day of the week before the exam; it is not sent by post.

Certificates you must hold

  • Proof of passing the qualifying engineering examination (to be uploaded within 10 days of the Main result if you applied provisionally).
  • OBC candidates: OBC (Non-Creamy Layer) certificate based on income for financial years 2025-26, 2024-25 and 2023-24, issued on or after 1 April 2026 and not later than 6 October 2026.
  • EWS candidates: Income and Asset Certificate based on financial year 2025-26, issued on or after 1 April 2026 and not later than 6 October 2026.
  • SC / ST and PwBD candidates: caste or disability certificate, if you claim reservation or relaxation.
  • For the medical examination of recommended candidates: three sets of the Medical Board form, a government photo ID, three passport photographs and, for PwBD candidates, the original Certificate of Disability with a photocopy.

Latest UPSC ESE recruitment

No active trusted recruitment is published for this exam right now.

Exam overview

Reviewed editorial

Who it is for

Engineering graduates (or final-year students) who want a technical officer career in central government services such as the railways, defence engineering, telecom, water and power.

Eligibility, age and qualification

Exact limits are set per post in each official notice.

Age limit

21–30 years (born 2 Jan 1997 – 1 Jan 2006) (as on 1 January 2027)

Educational qualification

  • A degree in Engineering from a university incorporated by an Act of Parliament or a state legislature, a deemed university, or an equivalent qualification listed in the notice (e.g. Sections A and B of the Institution of Engineers (India))
  • For Indian Naval Armament Service (Electronics Engineering posts) and Indian Radio Regulatory Service Gr 'A': an M.Sc. with Wireless Communication Electronics, Radio Physics or Radio Engineering (or as listed in the notice) is also accepted
  • Candidates who have appeared or intend to appear in the qualifying examination may apply provisionally, and must upload proof of passing within the window given after the Main result

Upper age relaxation

SC / ST5 years
OBC (eligible for reservation)3 years
Government servants (as defined in the notice)Up to 5 years (up to age 35)
Ex-Servicemen / ECOs / SSCOs (conditions in the notice)5 years
Defence personnel disabled in operations3 years
PwBD10 years

Application fee

₹200. Female, SC, ST and PwBD candidates are exempted from the fee. OBC and EWS candidates get no exemption and must pay the full fee.

Source: Engineering Services Examination, 2027 — Examination Notice No. 02/2027-ENGG (published 16 September 2026). Confirm in the official notice before applying.

  • Indian nationality (or a subject of Nepal or Bhutan, or another category listed in the notice)
  • Engineering degree or an equivalent qualification listed in the notice
  • Age on the official cutoff date, with category-wise relaxation
  • Choice of one engineering category: Civil, Mechanical, Electrical or E&T
  • Medical fitness for the services allotted

Selection process and exam pattern

Stages of selection

  1. 1Stage-I: Preliminary examination (two objective papers, 500 marks)
  2. 2Stage-II: Main examination (two conventional papers, 600 marks)
  3. 3Stage-III: Personality Test (200 marks)
  4. 4Medical examination of finally recommended candidates

Stage-I: Preliminary (objective)

5 hours in all (Paper I 2 hours; Paper II 3 hours)

SubjectQuestionsMarks
Paper I: General Studies and Engineering Aptitude (common to all categories)See notice200
Paper II: Engineering discipline (Civil / Mechanical / Electrical / E&T)See notice300

Negative marking: one-third (1/3) of the marks of a question for each wrong answer; more than one answer counts as wrong; no penalty for a blank. Answered on an OMR sheet with a black ball pen. Calculators are not allowed in objective papers.

Stage-II: Main (conventional)

6 hours in all (3 hours per paper)

SubjectQuestionsMarks
Paper I: Engineering discipline—300
Paper II: Engineering discipline—300

Question papers are set in English only and must be answered in English. Battery-operated pocket calculators are allowed in conventional papers.

Stage-III: Personality Test

—

SubjectQuestionsMarks
Personality Test / Interview—200

No minimum qualifying marks for the Personality Test. Final merit uses the marks of all three stages.

Source: Engineering Services Examination, 2027 — Examination Notice No. 02/2027-ENGG (published 16 September 2026). Confirm in the official notice before applying.

Reviewed editorial

Selection is in three stages: an objective preliminary examination, a conventional (written) main examination and a personality test. Marks of all three stages count for the final merit, and services are allotted on merit rank, preferences and vacancies; the exact scheme is confirmed from each year's official notice.

Syllabus and subject-wise prep

  • General Studies and Engineering Aptitude
  • Core engineering discipline (Civil, Mechanical, Electrical or E&T)
  • Engineering mathematics and numerical analysis
  • Conventional (descriptive) answer writing
  • Current issues, ethics and project management basics

Prepare for UPSC ESE

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Frequently asked questions

What is the age limit for UPSC ESE?

21–30 years (born 2 Jan 1997 – 1 Jan 2006), counted as on 1 January 2027, as per the Engineering Services Examination, 2027 — Examination Notice No. 02/2027-ENGG. Category-wise upper age relaxation is given in the notice.

What qualification is needed for UPSC ESE?

A degree in Engineering from a university incorporated by an Act of Parliament or a state legislature, a deemed university, or an equivalent qualification listed in the notice (e.g. Sections A and B of the Institution of Engineers (India)). For Indian Naval Armament Service (Electronics Engineering posts) and Indian Radio Regulatory Service Gr 'A': an M.Sc. with Wireless Communication Electronics, Radio Physics or Radio Engineering (or as listed in the notice) is also accepted. Candidates who have appeared or intend to appear in the qualifying examination may apply provisionally, and must upload proof of passing within the window given after the Main result.

When can I apply for UPSC ESE?

Online application: 16 September – 6 October 2026 (6 pm), as per the notice published on 16 September 2026. Applications are made only on upsc.gov.in.

What is the UPSC ESE exam pattern?

Stage-I: Preliminary (objective): Paper I: General Studies and Engineering Aptitude (common to all categories), Paper II: Engineering discipline (Civil / Mechanical / Electrical / E&T) (5 hours in all (Paper I 2 hours; Paper II 3 hours)). Negative marking: one-third (1/3) of the marks of a question for each wrong answer; more than one answer counts as wrong; no penalty for a blank. Answered on an OMR sheet with a black ball pen. Calculators are not allowed in objective papers. Stage-II: Main (conventional): Paper I: Engineering discipline, Paper II: Engineering discipline (6 hours in all (3 hours per paper)). Question papers are set in English only and must be answered in English. Battery-operated pocket calculators are allowed in conventional papers. Stage-III: Personality Test: Personality Test / Interview (—). No minimum qualifying marks for the Personality Test. Final merit uses the marks of all three stages.

How many vacancies are there in UPSC ESE?

Approximately 480, including 19 for Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (number liable to alteration), according to the Engineering Services Examination, 2027 — Examination Notice No. 02/2027-ENGG.

How many vacancies are there in UPSC ESE 2027?

Approximately 480, including 19 for persons with benchmark disabilities. The notice says the number is liable to alteration.

What is the age limit for UPSC ESE 2027?

21 to 30 years on 1 January 2027, which means born between 2 January 1997 and 1 January 2006. SC/ST get up to 5 years' relaxation, OBC up to 3 years and PwBD up to 10 years.

Can final-year engineering students apply for ESE 2027?

Yes, provisionally. If called for the personality test, you must upload proof of passing within 10 days of the Main result.

Can I apply for more than one engineering category?

No. You can apply for only one of Civil, Mechanical, Electrical or Electronics & Telecommunication, and it cannot be changed after submission.

What is the application fee for UPSC ESE 2027?

₹200. Female, SC, ST and PwBD candidates are exempt; OBC and EWS candidates pay the full fee.

What is the UPSC ESE exam pattern?

Prelims: Paper I General Studies and Engineering Aptitude (200 marks, 2 hours) and Paper II discipline paper (300 marks, 3 hours). Mains: two conventional discipline papers of 300 marks each (3 hours each). Personality test: 200 marks.

Do prelims marks count in the final ESE merit?

Yes. The final order of merit is based on the marks of the preliminary, main and personality test stages together.

Is there negative marking in UPSC ESE?

Yes, in the objective prelims papers: one-third of the marks of a question for each wrong answer. More than one answer counts as wrong; blanks carry no penalty.

Are calculators allowed in UPSC ESE?

Only battery-operated pocket calculators in the conventional (Mains) papers. They are not allowed in the objective prelims papers.

In which language are ESE papers set?

The conventional Mains papers are set in English only and must be answered in English.

How many candidates are called for ESE Mains and the interview?

About six to seven times the approximate number of vacancies are admitted to the Mains, and about twice the number of vacancies are called for the personality test.

When is UPSC ESE 2027?

The preliminary examination is on 31 January 2027 and the main examination on 18 June 2027.

What is UPSC ESE?

The Union Public Service Commission's three-stage examination for recruiting engineers to Group A and Group B engineering services and posts of the Government of India, in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical and Electronics & Telecommunication engineering.

Who is UPSC ESE for?

Engineering graduates (or final-year students) who want a technical officer career in central government services such as the railways, defence engineering, telecom, water and power.

How is UPSC ESE selection described?

Selection is in three stages: an objective preliminary examination, a conventional (written) main examination and a personality test. Marks of all three stages count for the final merit, and services are allotted on merit rank, preferences and vacancies; the exact scheme is confirmed from each year's official notice.

Niyookti is not part of UPSC. The official UPSC website (upsc.gov.in) and its notices are the only final source. Always confirm details there before applying.